© Benaki Phytopathological Institute
Kasiotis & Machera
42
ton crop fields. IMI and 6-CNA were incorpo-
rated in the developed analytical method
that included a total of ten analytes (pub-
lication under preparation). The analyses
showed the presence of IMI at levels rang-
ing from 9.7-20.1 ng/mL
urine
, and 6-CNA from
5.1 to 9.4 ng/mL
urine
. Only one serum sample
was positive with 6-CNA.
Conclusions
Human biomonitoring constitutes an
indispensable tool in public health surveil-
lance since it entails the prevalence of di-
verse pollutants in human organisms. It
serves also as a valuable source of infor-
mation in integrated health impact assess-
ment. NNDs comprise a major pesticide cat-
egory that deserves attention mostly due
to their frequent use and broad spectrum of
applications. Although, their human toxici-
ty is moderate to low, monitoring schemes
should encompass them. The latter are
important in multiple exposure assess-
ment that considers both cumulative tox-
icity and synergistic effects. Several report-
ed analytical studies, verified the presence
of NNDs and their metabolites. In this con-
text, modern analytical tools, such as HRMS,
is the trend that biomonitoring laboratories
should pursue and encompass in their ana-
lytical schemes. Last but not least, the eluci-
dation of undiscovered metabolic products
should be a constant goal that is firmly con-
nected to the diversity of pathways and re-
actions that organic substances undergo af-
ter their insertion in humans’ body.
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