© Benaki Phytopathological Institute
Hellenic Plant Protection Journal
9:
73-77, 2016
DOI 10.1515/hppj-2016-0009
1
Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops, Flori-
culture and Plant Protection, Institute of Olive Tree,
Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, N.AG.RE.F., Hellen-
ic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, PO BOX 2228,
71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
2
Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Spanish
National Research Council (CSIC), Avenida Menéndez
Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia In-
ternacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
*
Corresponding author:
The presence of
Xiphinema
and
Longido-
rus
nematodes on cultivated and wild olive
and grapevines in Crete was investigated by
Tzortzakakis
et al
. (2014, 2015). The soil sam-
ples were collected from:
a) 101 olive orchards in Heraklion and La-
sithi provinces,
b) 22 individual wild olive trees in Heraklion
province and
c) 30 vineyards in Heraklion province and
assigned to the Nematology Laboratory
(affiliation of the 1
st
author) by farmers for
nematode diagnosis.
Five known
Xiphinema
species (viz.
X. in-
dex
,
X. israeliae
,
X. italiae
,
X. pachtaicum
and
X. simile
), five known
Longidorus
species (viz.
L. closelongatus
,
L. cretensis, L. iranicus
(syn-
onym of
L. moesicus
)
, L. orientalis,
and
L.
pseudoelongatus
) and two newly described
(for the first time)
Xiphinema
species (viz.
X.
cretense
and
X. herakliense
) were found.
The current work presents supplementa-
ry data on the occurrence of
Xiphinema
and
Longidorus
nematodes on olive trees and
grapevines in Crete based on additional soil
samples, which were collected from:
a) the topotype locality (cultivated olive) of
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Description of the first-stage juveniles of
Xiphinema cretense
and
X. herakliense
- Distribution of
Xiphinema
and
Longidorus
species in olive orchards and grapevines in Crete, Greece
E.A. Tzortzakakis
1*
, A. Archidona-Yuste
2
, C. Cantalapiedra-Navarrete
2
, I.G. Birmpilis
1
,
E. Nasiou
1
, J.E. Palomares-Rius
2
and P. Castillo
2
Summary
The occurrence of nematodes of the family Longidoridae was investigated in soil sam-
ples collected from cultivated and wild olives and grapevines in Crete. The first-stage juveniles of
Xi-
phinema cretense
and
X. herakliense
are described for the first time. The species
X. israeliae
,
X. cretense
,
X. herakliense
and
Longidorus pseudoelongatus
, previously recorded exclusively from olives in Crete, are
herein reported in the rhizosphere of grapevines. Also
L. iranicus
is reported for the first time in culti-
vated olive, while
X. italiae
and
L. closelongatus
are reported for the first time in wild olive in Crete. Data
on the occurrence of phytoparasitic nematode species in cultivated olives, wild olives and grapevines
are updated with those previously published.
Additional keyword
s:
Longidorus closelongatus, L. cretensis, L. iranicus
,
L. pseudoelongatus, X. israeliae
Olive tree and grapevine are the most im-
portant crops on the island of Crete, occu-
pying 177,000 and 25,500 hectares, respec-
tively. These represent about 22% for olive
trees and 20% for grapevines of the total
corresponding cultivated areas in Greece. In
addition, wild olive trees are also located in
some south coastal areas of the island.
Dagger and needle nematodes of the
genera
Xiphinema
and
Longidorus,
respec-
tively, include a number of large plant ec-
toparasitic nematode species with long life
cycles. They cause damage to a wide range
of fruit and vegetable crops as well as wild
plants by their direct feeding on root cells
and transmission of nepoviruses (Decrae-
mer and Robbins, 2007; Taylor and Brown,
1997).
