Page 22 - Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2010
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© Benaki Phytopathological Institute
Toxicity of olive mill wastewater
21
in the first 5 min of exposure. In addition, it
is noted that the polyphenolic mixture re-
covered from the XAD-4 exhibited slightly
higher toxicity compared to the mixture re-
covered from the XAD-7HP column.
Acute Toxicity on the crustacean Artemia
fransiscana
Following the testing of OMW at high di-
lutions (1.25 and 2.5% v/v) on
A. fransiscana,
a
slight toxicity was observed. On the con-
trary, 100% mortality occurred following a
24-hr exposure to OMW at 1:5 dilution in wa-
ter (20% v/v). The OMW toxicity on
A. fran-
siscana
was increased after a 48-hr expo-
sure period to 1:10 dilution (10% v/v) causing
100% mortality (Table 4). Based on the re-
sults obtained for the tested OMW samples
and its filtrates, it can be concluded that the
treatment used did not alter the toxicity of
crude OMW to
A. fransiscana.
The polyphenolic mixtures recovered
from OMW with XAD-4 or XAD-7HP exhibit-
ed lower acute toxicity to
A. fransiscana
than
to photobacterium
V. fischeri
. The EC
50
val-
ues (Table 5 & Table 6) obtained after 48 hrs
of exposure were higher than those estimat-
ed after 24 hrs of exposure.
All the above results are in agreement
with findings mentioned in the literature,
where the estimated 48-hr EC
50
values for
OMW were 2.5% v/v and 4.5% v/v for
D.
Table 4.
Acute toxicity of treated and untreated Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) on the crusta-
cean
Artemia fransiscana
, expressed as mortality (%).
Concentration
(% v/v)
Mortality (%) (±SD
1
)
Untreated OMW
Treated OMW
(1 cycle)
Treated OMW
(2 cycles)
24 hrs
48 hrs
24 hrs
48 hrs
24 hrs
48 hrs
0
0
1.6 (±1.4)
1.7 (±1.7)
3.3 (±1.7)
5 (±2.8)
5 (±4.2)
1.25
12.9 (±6.8)
27.4 (±4.2)
7 (±2.8)
16.5 (±8.9)
5.2 (±0)
5.2 (±0)
2.5
14.1 (±5.8)
28.1 (±13.4)
17.5 (±3.5)
17.5 (±7.0)
7.5 (±3.5)
10.2 (±0.3)
5
25.4 (±15.0)
40.3 (±20.7)
17.5 (±7.7)
55 (±7.0)
48.6 (±26.3)
97.5 (±0.1)
10
80.6 (±12.8)
100 (±0)
77.5 (±17.6)
100 (±0)
75.6 (±7.6)
100 (±0)
20
100 (±0)
100 (±0)
89.7 (±14.1)
100 (±0)
100 (±0)
100 (±0)
40
-
-
-
-
100 (±0)
100 (±0)
1
standard deviation
Table 5.
Acute toxicity of the polyphenolic
mixture isolated from OMW on
Artemia fran-
siscana
, expressed as mortality (%).
Concentration
(mg/l)
Mortality (%) (±SD
1
)
Polyphenolic mixture [XAD-4]
24 hrs
48 hrs
0
0
0
204.375
0
0
408.75
0
5 (±2.8)
817.5
0
10 (±2.8)
1635
55 (±9.8)
100 (±0)
3270
100 (±0)
100 (±0)
EC
50
(mg/l)
1.441
1.079
1
standard deviation
Table 6.
Acute toxicity of the polypheno-
lic mixture isolated from OMW after passing
through column XAD-7HP on
Artemia fran-
siscana
, expressed as mortality (%).
Concentration
(mg/l)
Mortality (%) (±SD
1
)
Polyphenolic mixture [XAD-7HP]
24 hrs
48 hrs
0
0
5 (±4.2)
199.625
0
0
399.25
0
0
798.5
15 (±7.0)
20 (±2.8)
1597
55 (±18.3)
90 (±4.2)
3194
100 (±0)
100 (±0)
EC
50
(mg/l)
1.317
1.078
1
standard deviation
